Heading off on vacation is exciting, but what happens if your flight is delayed, cancelled, or your luggage is lost or damaged? Many travellers aren’t aware of their rights or what steps to take in these situations. Airlines are unlikely to volunteer this information, as it often works against their interests.
That’s exactly why we’ve written this article—to help you understand what you’re entitled to and what to do if these issues arise.
Start with the Fine Print
First and foremost, take the time to read the airline’s terms and conditions. Yes, that’s the small print you agreed to when booking your flight—the one most people never open. These terms outline the airline’s obligations, but they vary significantly depending on where you’re flying.
For example, travellers in the EU are protected by robust regulations, while in the US, passengers generally have fewer rights and often rely on credit card perks or airline loyalty programs to resolve issues. In the EU, compensation for flight delays exceeding three hours can be as high as €600.
Know Your Rights Under EU Law
The cornerstone of passenger rights in Europe is Regulation (EC) No 261/2004, established by the European Parliament. These regulations cover flights that:
Depart from an EU member country, or
Arrive in an EU country and are operated by a European airline.
If you’re travelling within the EU or on an EU-based airline, you may be entitled to compensation for delays, cancellations, or denied boarding. The regulation is freely available online, and it’s worth a quick read to familiarise yourself with the basics.
Whether you’re travelling for leisure or business, knowing your rights can save you money and hassle when unexpected travel disruptions occur. Armed with this knowledge, you’ll be ready to handle any situation that comes your way.
Flight Delays: What You’re Entitled To and How to Prepare
Flight delays are frustrating, but knowing your rights can make the situation a bit easier to handle. Here’s a breakdown of what you’re entitled to and how to ensure you get the support you need.
Snacks and Refreshments for Delays Over 2 Hours
If your flight is delayed by more than two hours, you’re entitled to snacks or refreshments regardless of the reason for the delay. Airlines typically provide refreshment vouchers for use at airport restaurants or fast-food outlets. The value of these vouchers depends on the airline, the length of your flight, and the expected delay duration.
Announcements about refreshments are usually made over the airport’s public address system, but you can also enquire at the airline’s information desk or your departure gate.
Cash Compensation Exceptions
While EU regulations protect passengers in many situations, cash compensation for delayed flights is not granted if the delay is caused by extraordinary circumstances beyond the airline’s control. These include:
Severe weather conditions
Strikes
Political unrest in the destination country
To strengthen your case for compensation, collect as much evidence as possible:
Keep your flight tickets and boarding passes.
Request written confirmation from the airline about the delay.
Take photos of departure boards showing the delay.
Hotel Accommodation for Delays Over 8 Hours
For delays exceeding eight hours, especially due to situations like severe snowstorms, airlines are required to provide hotel accommodation and meals until your rescheduled flight departs. However, not all airlines automatically offer this assistance. If you’re not receiving support, you can refer to Regulation (EC) No 261/2004, which obliges carriers to cover these expenses.
By staying informed about your rights and documenting your experience, you’ll be better prepared to handle the inconvenience of flight delays while ensuring you get the assistance you deserve.
Canceled Flights: What You’re Entitled To and When Compensation Applies
Flight cancellations can be a major disruption, but understanding your rights under EU regulations can help you navigate the situation. Here’s what to know about compensation and refunds for cancelled flights.
When Compensation Doesn’t Apply
You won’t be eligible for compensation if the cancellation was due to extraordinary circumstances beyond the airline’s control, such as:
Severe weather conditions
Political unrest
Strikes
However, in such cases, you’re still entitled to a refund for your purchased ticket.
Exceptions to Compensation
Airlines are not obligated to provide compensation if they notify you about the cancellation.
More than 14 days in advance
You’ll receive notice early enough to make alternate travel plans.
Between 14 and 7 days before departure
An alternative flight is offered with a departure no more than 2 hours earlier and arrival no more than 4 hours later than your original schedule.
Less than 7 days before departure
An alternative flight is offered with a departure no more than 1 hour earlier and an arrival no more than 2 hours later.
When You’re Entitled to Compensation
If none of the above scenarios apply and your flight is cancelled at the last minute or at the airport, you may be entitled to compensation of up to €600, depending on the length of the flight:
€250 for flights up to 1,500 km
€400 for flights within the EU over 1,500 km and other flights between 1,500 km and 3,500 km
€600 for flights exceeding 3,500 km
Make sure to collect all relevant documentation, such as your ticket, boarding pass, and any written confirmation from the airline, to strengthen your claim.
By staying informed and proactive, you can ensure you’re properly compensated when your travel plans are disrupted.
Delayed or Lost Luggage: What You Need to Know and How to Protect Yourself
Luggage mishaps are unfortunately all too common when traveling. Whether your bag is delayed, lost, or damaged, knowing how to handle the situation can save you frustration—and money. Here's what you need to know based on both industry experience and practical tips.
Why Luggage Gets Lost or Damaged
As someone who has worked in the airline industry, I’ve seen firsthand how luggage is treated—not exactly with "white gloves." Bags are often tossed onto conveyor belts, carts, and ramps. It’s no wonder they sometimes get lost or arrive damaged.
Pro tip: Never pack valuables like money, electronics, or important documents in your checked luggage. Believe it or not, there have been cases where cash went missing from checked bags.
What to Do if Your Luggage is Lost
Report Immediately:As soon as you realise your bag hasn’t arrived, report it to the airline's lost and found or baggage service desk at the airport.
Reimbursement for Essentials:If your bag isn’t delivered within 24 hours, you may be eligible for reimbursement for essentials like toiletries and basic clothing, up to €1,445. This amount also includes the total refund for your luggage if it’s deemed permanently lost after 21 days.
Keep all receipts for any items you purchase.
Fill out a Property Irregularity Report (PIR) at the airport.
What to Do if Your Luggage is Damaged
Report Immediately:Damage claims must be reported right after you retrieve your luggage. Airlines may offer:
Free repair if possible.
Compensation for severe damage, like a broken shell on hard-shell luggage.
Proof of Purchase:Airlines may ask for proof of purchase for your luggage. If you don’t have the receipt, repairs or compensation may be trickier.
Pro tip: Consider wrapping your luggage at the airport to add a layer of protection, especially for hard-shell bags.
Helpful Tips for Protecting Your Luggage
Invest in Insurance:Travel insurance often includes baggage coverage for a minimal cost. It’s worth it for peace of mind.
Check in Early:Early check-ins are less likely to result in lost luggage.
Make Your Luggage Stand Out:Add a colorful tag, ribbon, or sticker to make your bag easily identifiable and avoid accidental swaps.
Include Contact Info Inside Your Bag:Place a copy of your flight itinerary or a contact card inside your luggage to help airlines reconnect you with your bag if it gets lost.
Buy Durable Luggage:A high-quality brand like Samsonite is a solid investment for frequent travelers. They’re known to last and better withstand the rigors of air travel.
By staying proactive and prepared, you can minimize the hassle of lost or damaged luggage and ensure a smoother travel experience.
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